{"id":37574,"date":"2022-08-11T09:28:42","date_gmt":"2022-08-11T08:28:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/?p=37574"},"modified":"2026-04-17T13:12:29","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T13:12:29","slug":"the-future-for-cars-may-not-be-electric","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/the-future-for-cars-may-not-be-electric\/","title":{"rendered":"The future for cars may not be electric&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The COP26 summit saw governments, businesses and organizations rapidly committing to the transition to zero-emission vehicles.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/cop26-declaration-zero-emission-cars-and-vans\/cop26-declaration-on-accelerating-the-transition-to-100-zero-emission-cars-and-vans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The deadlines of 2040 globally and 2035 in leading markets are fast approaching<\/a>. As a result, some governments plan to ban the sale of fossil fuel vehicles \u2013 the UK for example, from 2030. Such commitments have been met by an all-electric promise from carmakers like&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gearpatrol.com\/cars\/g38986745\/car-brands-going-electric\/?slide=11\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Audi, Mercedes-Benz and Volvo<\/a>, as well as significant government investment into electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure in new homes and on main roads. We might call this progress\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But are EVs&nbsp;<em>really<\/em>&nbsp;the future? Regardless of falling battery costs or the fact that developing EV production lines contribute to a more competitive price offering, are they really as green and convenient as perceived? And where should investment be placed to make them greener?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-evs-are-not-as-green-as-you-think\"><strong>EVs are not as green as you think\u2026<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A common misconception of EVs is that they are zero emission. Although fully electric vehicles do not emit the dangerous by-products that petrol and diesel combustion engines do when on the road (namely carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter), they are by no means perfect. Here\u2019s why:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Mining<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The rechargeable batteries used in EVs are made up of three main components: Lithium, Nickel and Cobalt \u2013 all non-renewable resources that must be mined.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With the rise in global demand for EVs comes the need for a proportional increase in the land devoted to mining. And in turn, significant environmental and social concerns.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/blog\/why-cobalt-mining-drc-needs-urgent-attention\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">With around 70% of the world\u2019s Cobalt supply produced by the Democratic Republic of Congo<\/a>, several issues have already been flagged. Namely, hazardous working conditions, significantly low pay and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/blog-post\/drc-mining-industry-child-labor-and-formalization-small-scale-mining#:~:text=Of%20the%20255%2C000%20Congolese%20mining,own%20tools%2C%20primarily%20their%20hands.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">child-labor<\/a>. What\u2019s more, the waste that\u2019s generated as a by-product from Lithium and Cobalt mining can&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ecojungle.net\/post\/lithium-extraction-environmental-impact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">pollute the surrounding air, soil and water<\/a>, leading to contamination and further health issues for nearby communities. And so it becomes clear; mining in any context, whether for conventional engines or EVs, is not a sustainable process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>EV manufacturers such as Tesla are investing heavily in the development of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/electrek.co\/2022\/04\/22\/tesla-using-cobalt-free-lfp-batteries-in-half-new-cars-produced\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">cobalt-free batteries<\/a>, but the alternatives have lower range and performance. It\u2019s a step in the right direction for the environment, but unlikely to have high uptake in the consumer market \u2013 one already put off by the small range of EVs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Manufacturing<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When it comes to manufacturing, the greenhouse gases released from the mining, transportation and refinement of the raw minerals are similar in volume to what we see in petrol and diesel vehicles. However, the battery production for a single EV leads to substantially&nbsp;<em>higher&nbsp;<\/em>C02 emissions (<a href=\"https:\/\/climate.mit.edu\/ask-mit\/how-much-co2-emitted-manufacturing-batteries\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">between 3-16 tonnes per battery, depending on the size<\/a>). So, although the vehicles are cleaner over time, it takes multiple years of driving to offset the initial emissions required to produce the batteries. A much lesser-known fact\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Electricity generation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>environmental impact of charging EVs is largely dependent on the source of electricity used to charge the battery. Obviously, a more negative impact arises from fossil-fuel generated electricity in comparison to renewables.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.offshorewind.biz\/2021\/03\/25\/renewable-energy-outperforms-fossil-fuels-in-uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">So, with nearly 40% of the UK\u2019s electricity still generated from fossil-fuels<\/a>, there is no guarantee that charging an EV will result in zero emissions. In countries such as China, electricity is largely&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/coal-information-overview\/consumption\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">produced from coal<\/a>&nbsp;\u2013 making it worse for the environment than burning crude oil. This also applies to the emissions resulting from the electricity used in the battery manufacturing process. This means we cannot truly achieve the full environmental benefits of EVs until electricity generation is fully decarbonised and clean.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The range is not great\u2026<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As mentioned, the limiting factor to EV uptake is often their range, making them inconvenient for those traveling long distances. With the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.smmt.co.uk\/2022\/04\/car-makers-treble-battery-range-and-deliver-15-fold-increase-in-model-choice-in-a-decade\/#:~:text=Average%20battery%20range%20of%20vehicles,Britain's%20first%20'electric%20decade'.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">average range of 260 miles<\/a>&nbsp;(stretching up to 300-400 miles for some of the more advanced models) and a high-voltage charging time of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/pod-point.com\/guides\/driver\/how-long-to-charge-an-electric-car\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">at least 30 minutes<\/a>, EVs still remain more convenient for shorter journeys. So, despite governments investing significant funds into the roll-out of EV charging points, the shorter range still poses a risk of breakdown far from a charging point, requiring a tow-truck to save the day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What could the future look like?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Electric vehicles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The future for battery production must be more ethically viable and practical than current technology and processes allow for.&nbsp;Investment is pouring into developing energy storage capabilities and battery technology for EVs, but progress is not fast enough to realize the global targets we have set.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That said, there is greater potential for these innovations to deliver&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2021\/09\/batteries-lithium-ion-energy-storage-circular-economy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">faster-charging, cheaper and more powerful batteries that are also easily recyclable.<\/a>&nbsp;In addition to this, several organizations such as global raw material producers and manufacturers have collaborated through the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalbattery.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Global Battery Alliance under the World Economic Forum<\/a> to ensure that \u201cbattery production not only supports green energy, but also safeguards human rights and promotes health and environmental sustainability\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hydrogen vehicles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As we recently explored in \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-gb\/the-green-light-for-green-energy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the green light for green energy\u2019<\/a>, hydrogen-powered fuel cells are&nbsp;top of mind for many in the future of transport.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ati.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/FZO-ACA-REP-0056-Academic-Programme-Research-Findings.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A year-long project involving Rolls-Royce and Airbus concluded that green hydrogen is the future of air travel<\/a>, and car manufacturers such as&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.toyota.com\/mirai\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Toyota are promoting their blue hydrogen vehicles as the future<\/a>. The benefits seem clear: the only by-products of hydrogen are water and heat, both of&nbsp;which are natural resources, the range of which exceeds EVs, and they have a much shorter refuel time (similar to the time it takes to refill a combustion vehicle). But, is the current method of creating hydrogen even sustainable?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Further technological advances around decarbonised hydrogen production, as well as consideration around safe storage, transport and infrastructure are still required. In the next few decades, as investment is directed towards hydrogen as an energy source and as more of the benefits are brought to light, hydrogen vehicles could be a strong contender for the future of zero-emission vehicles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other potential contenders include solar power and biodiesel, although the former cannot fuel a car entirely on its own due to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/electrek.co\/2022\/07\/08\/china-solar-powered-vehicle\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">low range and reliance on the sun<\/a>, and the latter still requires&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osti.gov\/biblio\/1577368\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">large technical innovations<\/a>&nbsp;to make it a reality.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>So, what\u2019s the verdict?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s clear that EVs could have a lower carbon footprint than combustion vehicles over their lifetime, but right now that\u2019s not always the case. The energy intensive battery production process and coal-powered electrification is not zero-emission and has significant social and environmental implications. Plus, their range and longer charging time creates inconvenience for long journeys. Yet, with investment in battery technology innovation, this may well change in the future, as well as the need for greater regulation around the battery production process. To achieve net zero-emission, we need a standardized and integrated effort towards enabling renewable electrification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And let\u2019s not forget the potential of hydrogen vehicles (despite their higher cost currently). Advances in decarbonised hydrogen production have the potential to change the way we look at zero-emission vehicles.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgrid.com\/stories\/journey-to-net-zero-stories\/future-transport-driving-change-next-10-years#:~:text=E%2Dhailing%20rides%2C%20car%20sharing,the%20convenience%20of%20home%20delivery.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Or perhaps transport may shift behavior away from car ownership overall\u2026<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you want to stay ahead of the game and embed sustainability into every aspect of your investment strategy, now is the time to act. Get in touch with our expert <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/person\/emiko-caerlewy-smith\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Emiko Caerlewy-Smith <\/a>to find out more.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The COP26 summit saw governments, businesses and organizations rapidly committing to the transition to zero-emission vehicles.&nbsp;The deadlines of 2040 globally and 2035 in leading markets are fast approaching. As a&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":37581,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[116],"tags":[269],"related_service":[],"related_industry":[56],"class_list":["post-37574","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-energy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The future for cars may not be electric... - Elixirr - USA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Are electric cars as green as we think? And if not, how else can we innovate automotive? 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1536w, https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/Untitled-design-31-2048x1229.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/Untitled-design-31-87x52.jpg 87w, https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/Untitled-design-31-319x191.jpg 319w, https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/Untitled-design-31-479x287.jpg 479w, https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/Untitled-design-31-567x340.jpg 567w, https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/Untitled-design-31-767x460.jpg 767w, https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/Untitled-design-31-1023x614.jpg 1023w, https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/Untitled-design-31-1278x767.jpg 1278w, https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/Untitled-design-31-1378x827.jpg 1378w, https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/Untitled-design-31-1640x984.jpg 1640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2400px) 100vw, 2400px\" \/>            <div class=\"wp-component-card__preview-icon\">\n                <span class='edwp-svg '><svg width=\"47\" height=\"47\" viewBox=\"0 0 47 47\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g>\n<path d=\"M23.4141 0.539062C36.1232 0.539183 46.4258 10.8416 46.4258 23.5508C46.4257 36.2599 36.1231 46.5624 23.4141 46.5625C10.7049 46.5625 0.402465 36.2599 0.402344 23.5508C0.402344 10.8415 10.7048 0.539062 23.4141 0.539062ZM23.4141 1.68945C11.3606 1.68945 1.55273 11.4974 1.55273 23.5508C1.55286 35.6041 11.3607 45.4111 23.4141 45.4111C35.4673 45.411 45.2743 35.604 45.2744 23.5508C45.2744 11.4974 35.4674 1.68957 23.4141 1.68945Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<path d=\"M19.2841 33.6992C18.9579 33.6986 18.6374 33.6111 18.3543 33.4454C17.7167 33.0759 17.3203 32.3585 17.3203 31.5797V15.8189C17.3203 15.0379 17.7167 14.3227 18.3543 13.9531C18.6442 13.7827 18.9735 13.6951 19.3078 13.6994C19.6421 13.7037 19.9692 13.7998 20.2548 13.9776L33.4237 22.0406C33.6981 22.2166 33.9244 22.461 34.0812 22.751C34.238 23.0409 34.3203 23.3668 34.3203 23.6982C34.3203 24.0295 34.238 24.3555 34.0812 24.6454C33.9244 24.9353 33.6981 25.1798 33.4237 25.3558L20.2527 33.421C19.9604 33.6017 19.6256 33.6979 19.2841 33.6992Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>            <\/div>\n                        <\/figure>\n        <div class=\"wp-component-card__content edwp-row-load\">\n                                    <p class=\"wp-component-card__eyebrow\">\n                Articles            <\/p>\n                <a href='https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/the-future-for-cars-may-not-be-electric\/' class='wp-component-card__title'>\n            <h2>\n                The future for cars may not be electric&#8230;\n            <\/h2>\n        <\/a>                                    <div class=\"wp-component-card__description\">\n                    The COP26 summit saw governments, businesses and organizations rapidly committing to the transition to zero-emission vehicles.&nbsp;The deadlines of 2040 globally and 2035 in leading markets are fast approaching. As a&hellip;                <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wp-component-card__meta\">\n                                            <p class=\"wp-component-card__date\">\n                            11 August 2022                        <\/p>\n                                                                <div class=\"wp-component-card__terms\">\n                                                                                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-component-tags edwp-component\">\n                        <div class=\"wp-component-tags__tag\">\n                Manufacturing            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wp-component-card__button-wrapper\">\n                    <button class=\"btn btn--link arrow wp-component-card__button\">\n                                                                            Read more                                                                            <span class='edwp-svg '><svg width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<g id=\"Lg\">\n<path id=\"Vector\" d=\"M1.12509 9.50162H15.8648L9.43259 3.06941C9.374 3.0113 9.3275 2.94216 9.29576 2.86599C9.26403 2.78981 9.24769 2.70811 9.24769 2.62559C9.24769 2.54307 9.26403 2.46137 9.29576 2.38519C9.3275 2.30902 9.374 2.23988 9.43259 2.18177C9.54971 2.06535 9.70814 2 9.87328 2C10.0384 2 10.1969 2.06535 10.314 2.18177L17.8151 9.6829C17.8737 9.74101 17.9202 9.81014 17.9519 9.88632C17.9837 9.96249 18 10.0442 18 10.1267C18 10.2092 17.9837 10.2909 17.9519 10.3671C17.9202 10.4433 17.8737 10.5124 17.8151 10.5705L10.314 18.0717C10.1975 18.1871 10.0404 18.2522 9.87641 18.2529C9.79414 18.2534 9.71259 18.2376 9.63643 18.2065C9.56027 18.1754 9.491 18.1296 9.43259 18.0717C9.374 18.0135 9.3275 17.9444 9.29576 17.8682C9.26403 17.7921 9.24769 17.7104 9.24769 17.6278C9.24769 17.5453 9.26403 17.4636 9.29576 17.3874C9.3275 17.3113 9.374 17.2421 9.43259 17.184L15.8711 10.7518H1.12509C0.959309 10.7518 0.800312 10.686 0.683084 10.5687C0.565857 10.4515 0.5 10.2925 0.5 10.1267C0.5 9.96093 0.565857 9.80193 0.683084 9.68471C0.800312 9.56748 0.959309 9.50162 1.12509 9.50162Z\" fill=\"#1D0F25\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>                                            <\/button>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <\/div>\n<\/article>\n","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37574","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37574"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37574\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":64389,"href":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37574\/revisions\/64389"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37581"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37574"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37574"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37574"},{"taxonomy":"related_service","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/related_service?post=37574"},{"taxonomy":"related_industry","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elixirr.com\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/related_industry?post=37574"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}